Accumulator pump



" 1947. A.KALH1N$KY ACCUMULATOR PUMP Filed July 23, 1943 II I III FIGSFIG.|

INVENTOR (Maw mm" fl w ' ATTORNEY nests cross-passage Patented Jan.14,1947

2,414,261 ACCUMULATIDR PUMP Andrew Kalitinsky, Eagleville, Conm,asslgnor to United Aircraft Corporation, Conn., a corporation ofDelawarev {East Hartford,

Application July 23, 1943, Serial No. 495,921

Claims.

This invention relates to an injection apparatus of the accumulatortype.

In accumulator injection apparatus, the chamis not operating.

Another feature of this invention is a circulation of fuel through thechamber during a part of the injection stroke and controlling this cir-=culaticn by the position of the plunger. Thus, a

termined position, lished from the chamber to the dischargepassageindependently of the longitudinal position of the plunger. I p

Other-objects and advantages will be apparent from the specification andclaims and from the accompanying drawing-which illustrates what is nowconsidered to be a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view through the fuel injection apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view showing the plunger at the startof the injection stroke.

Fig. 3 is an elevation of a part of the plunger. a bore l2 in which is ainlet port It admits fuel to the end of bore l2. During the injectionstroke fuel is forced ,by plunger l4 into accumulator chambers I8 andthrough a groove 22 in a valve 24 and a crosspassage 26 connecting theaccumulator chambers. Valve ft is slideable hi a bore 28 in a ring 30 inthe casing.

2 34. One end of valve 24 is in line with a seat 38 While fuel is beingforced into the accumulator chambers, valve 24 closes a passage 32 whichcon- 26 with the dischargenozzle cumulator chambers at the end ofpassage '32 and is held on this seat by pressure of fuel in the otherend of the valve during the injection stroke of the plunger. Groove 22permitsa throttled flow of fuel past valve 2t into the chambers. The endof valve 2% remote from seat 36 is conical to engage a seat 38 at theend of bore 28 and communicating with bore if, said seat closing the endof groove 22.

Air in the accumulator chambers I8 and 20 is vented through a passage 42in ca ing. M which connects with the upper end of chamber ill. Theopposite end of the passage forms a port 44 in a bore it which, during apart of the plunger stroke, is connected to a relief port to by anannular passage '48 formed by a reduced portion of the plunger. 7

Discharge of fuel through passage 32 to nozzle 3 may be controlled by acheck valve 50 held against a seat by a spring 5 3. When accumu-- latorvalve 24 moves to open passage 32, fuel pressure opens the check valve50 and fuel is discharged past the check valve until the pressure ofspring 54 is greater than the pressure difier-- ential holding the valveopen. The check valve may have an integral plunger 56 slideable'in abore 53 in nozzle 36 and the plunger may have a longitudinal groove 60for flow of fuel past the plunger. Nozzle it has one or more openings 62for discharge of fuel.

During the pumping stroke of the plunger from the position of Fig. 2 tothe position of Fig. 1, the head of the plunger closes inlet port 16:and the a movement of the plunger forces fuel into the acand throughpassage 42 and passage ill to relief port 46. As the plunger starts itsstroke, the pressure of fuel on the end of valve 24 moves this valveagainst seat 36 to prevent escape of fuel past check valve 50 to thenozzle. I i

As the plunger continues its movement, an obliquely extending shoulder64, forming the lower edge of passage 48 and extending substantially theentire circumference of the plunger,. closes port 44 and preventsfurther discharge of fuel from the accumulator chambers. Continuedplunger movement raises the pressure of the fuel in theacculnulatorchambers until a spill port 66 in casing I 0 is uncovered by a groove 68in the plunger. This groove communicates with the end of bore I2 by alongitudinal groove 10, and when port 66 is uncovered, the fuel pressureat the end of the plunger is reduced suddenly causing valve 24 to moveendwiseto open passage 32 for discharge of fuel from the accumulatorchambers through the nozzle and to engage seat 38 to pre just theplunger r The plunger I the accumulator chambers. Ports chambers areforced vent escape offuel through groove 22. Accum lator valve 241sagain moved to engage seat 38- when the plunger begins its next pumpingstroke. 1 The quantity of fuel injected on each plunger stroke ,iscontrolled by turning plunger M to adered by shoulder ered, the greaterausaei I 4. Injection apparat having a-bore,-'a pump plungerreciprocable iii-the position at which port 44 is cov 64. The earlierthe port is cov-.

the quantity of injected fuel. a

While port 44 is uncovered, any air bubbles col-:-

lected in chambers l8 and 20 are forced out passage 42 as fuel is pumpedthrough the chambers.

Plunger l4 may be turned by endwise motion of a I rack, not shown.engaging teeth l2v on the. plunger.

may be turned angularly to permit complete filling of the apparatus withfuel before starting, independently of the longitudinal posl-- tion' ofthe plunger. Groove 48 in :the plunger has an intersecting is alignedwith port 44 when groove 10 is aligned with inlet port l6. Fuel fromport l6 enters bore I: through groove Stand flows past valve 24 to 44-and 46 are in communication and any air bubbles in the out throughpassage 42 around groove 48 to port 46.

It isto be understood that the invention is not limited to the specificembodiment herein illustrated and described, but may be used in otherways without departure from its spirit as defined by the followingclaims.

1. Injection apparatus comprising a casing having a bore, a pump plungerreciprocable in the bore, an accumulator chamber into which fuel ispumped by the plunger on the pumping stroke,- ports in said cylinder ina position to be covered by the plunger, one of the ports beingconnected the chamber and the other being arelief port, and a groove insaid plunger connecting said ports during an initial part of the plungerstroke, an

' the bore, an accumulator to the axis of the plunger, and

- ports.

having a bore, a pump plunger reciprocable pumped by the plunger onactive edge of said groove plunger varies the oint of the plunger strokeat which the'connection between the ports. is closed.

2. Injection apparatus comprising a casing having a bore, a pump plungerreciprocable in chamber into which fuel is pumped by the plunger on thepumping stroke, ports in said cylinder in a position to be covered y thep unger, to the chamber and the other being a relief port,

and a groove in-said plunger connecting said ports during an initialpart of the plunger stroke, said groove extending obliquely means forturning the plunger in the bore for adjusting the point in .the plungermovement in which the active edge of said groove closes the connectionbetween the an active edge of 3. Injection apparatus comprising a casinginthe bore, an accumulator chamber into which fuel is the pumpingstroke,- po'rtsin said cylinder in a position .to be covered by theplunger, one of the and a groove in said plunger connecting said portsduring a part of the plunger stroke to a now of fuel through the chambenan active edge of said groove extending obliquely to the axis of theplunger, said active edge closing the connection between the portsduring the pumping stroke of the plunger,

extending obliquely to the axis of the plunger, whereby turning of theone of the portsbeing connectedv longitudinal groove 14 which bore; anaccumulator chamber, a necting the 'end of the cylinder to the chamberthrough which fluid is pumped from adapted to be covered and uncoveredby the plunger during its movement, opposed ports intersecting said boreand connected to a vent and to the accumulator chamber respectively, anda groove insaid plunger connecting,said opposed ports during an initialpart of the plunger stroke, said groove and opposed ports being soarranged that the plunger covers the inlet port on the pumping strokebefore the connection between .the opposed ports is cut off.

5. Injection apparatus comprising a casing having a bore, a pump plungerreciprocating in the bore, an accumulator chamber, a passage connectingthe end of the bore to the chamber through which fluid is pumped fromthe bore to said-chamber, inle; and discharge ports intersecting saidbore and adapted to be covered and uncovered by the plunger duringoitsmovement, op-

posed ports intersecting said here and connected to a vent and to theaccumulator chamber respectively, and a groove in said plungerconnecting said opposed ports during an initial part of the plungerstroke, an active edge of said groove extending obliquely to the axis'ofthe plunger, and means for in the cylinder for adjusting the point atwhich the connection between 6. Injection apparatus including a casinghaving a bore, a pump plunger-reciprocating in said bore, an accumulatorchamber connected with said bore and into which fuel is forced underpressure by said plunge:- on the-pumping stroke, a vent port in saidcasing, and a port connected to the accumulator chamber, said portsintersecting said bore in .a position to be covered'by the ports beingconnected to the chamber and the other being a relief port,

plunger, said plunger having a groove adapted,

during an initial part of the pumping stroke of.

the plunger, for establishing connection between said ports to causefuel to flow through the chamber during'the first part of the stroke, anactive edge of said groove extending obliquely to the axis of theplunger for adjusting the point at which said connection is cut off byturning the plunger.

. '7. Injection apparatus including a casing having a bore, a plungermovable in said bore, an

accumulator chamber communicating with said bore, inlet and outlet portsin said casing adapted to be covered and uncovered by the plunger duringits stroke, a'groove in said plunger and a passage from the end of saidplunger to the groove, said groove and passage connecting the end of theplunger'to the outlet port, opposed ports in said casing connected to avent and to the accumulator chamber respectively, said plunger having agroove connecting said opposed ports during a part of the plungerstroke.

8. Injection apparatus including a casing having a bore, a plungermovable in said bore, an

accumulator chamber communicating with said bore, inlet and outlet portsin said casing adapted to be covered and uncovered by the plunger duringits stroke, a passage fromthe end of said plunger to the groove, saidgroove and passage connecting the end of the plunger to the outlet port,opposed .ports in'said casing connected to a vent and to thereby cuttingoff the flow of fuel through the chamber.

the accumulator chamber respectively, said plunger having a grooveconnecting said opposed I comprising a casing passage con-- the cylinder.to said chamber, an inlet port in said cylinder turning the plungerwiththe opposed ports is cutgroove in said plunger and a ports during apart of the plunger stroke, an active edge of said groove e tendingobliquely to the axis of said plunger. V

9. Injection apparatus including a casing hava bore, a plunger movablein said bore, an accumulator chamber communicating with said bore, inletand outlet ports in said casing adapted to be covered and uncovered bythe plunger during its stroke, a groove in said plunger and a passagefrom the end of said plunger to the groove, said groove and passageconnecting the end of the plunger to the outlet port, opposed ports insaid casing connected to a, vent and to the accumulator chamberrespectively,

plunger having a groove connecting said opposed ports during a part ofthe plunger stroke, the groove connecting said opposed ports being wideenough at one point in its periphery to establish connection betweensaid opposed ports whenin a predetermined angular position independentlyof the position of the plunger longitudinally in the bore.

10. Injection apparatus including a casing hav- .Ing a bore, a plungeraccumulator chambercommunicating with said bore, inlet and outlet portsin said casing adapted to be covered and uncovered by the plunger duringits stroke, agroove in said plunger, a passage in the surface of saidplunger extending from the end of the plunger to said groove, opposedports in said casing connected to a vent and to the accumulator chamberrespectively, a second groove in said plunger connecting said opposedports'during a part of the plunger stroke, said second groove being wideenough for a portion of its periphery to establish connection betweensaid opposed ports in one predetermined angular position of the plungerindependently of the position of the plunger longitudinally of the bore,said plunger in said predetermined angular position aligning the passageinsaid plunger with 20' the inlet port.

ANDREW KALITINSKY.

movable in sa'idbore, an

